SUBSTANTIAL INFORMATION OF THREE OPERATING SYSTEM

WINDOWS XP THREAD

Implements the one-to-one mapping

Each thread contains

• A thread id
• Register set
• Separate user and kernel stacks
• Private data storage area

The register set, stacks, and private storage area are known as the context of the threads

The primary data structures of a thread include:

• ETHREAD (executive thread block)
• KTHREAD (kernel thread block)
• TEB (thread environment block)

LINUX

Linux refers to them as tasks rather than threads
Thread creation is done through clone() system call

• Clone() allows a child task to share the address space of the parent task a9process)
  
• Clone() allow various levels of sharing between nothing.

Linux PCB contains pointers to other DS where the process data (open files, page tables…) is stored

• Fork – a new process is created along with a copy of all the associated data structure of the parent process
• Clone – a new process that points to the data structures of the parent process is created

WINDOWS SERVER 2008

Windows Server codename "Longhorn" operating systems.

Kernel improvements are significant because the kernel provides

• low-level operating system functions,
• including thread scheduling,
• interrupt and exception dispatching,
• multiprocessor synchronization, and
• a set of routines and basic objects that the rest of the operating system uses to implement higher-level constructs.